High Level Design Of EPC and LTE

Given depicted image tells about the evolved packet core where all the existing technologies will union and able to serve each other in case of roaming users. CS stands for circuit switched network.  

Given depicted image shows the exact view of Evolved Packet Core, where in base stations are known as E-Node B and all are aggregating on S-Gty.

Given depicted image shows about the interfaces used in EPC core and for air interface.  

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What is Evolved Packet Core (EPC)?

Evolved Packet Core (EPC) is the main component of SAE (System Architecture Evolution). EPC is pure packet switched network rather circuit switched network. In EPC, the full connectivity will work on IP(Internet Protocol). The main components of EPC are:-
1. MME (Mobility Management Entity)
2. Serving Gateway aka S-Gateway
3. PDN Gateway aka P-Gateway

MME is responsible for all control messages, mobility management, tracking of user equipment and paging. It is connected with HSS and responsible for user authentication.
Serving gateway acts a anchor point and responsible for the forwarding of user data packets.
PDN gateway provides direct connectivity with the external IP network and APN is stored in P-Gateway which is being looked up by the S-Gateway. It also does the DPI and LI functionality.
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BGP Vulnerability Found In IOS-XR

Cisco IOS XR Software contains a vulnerability in the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) feature. The vulnerability manifests itself when a BGP peer announces a prefix with a specific, valid but unrecognized transitive attribute. On receipt of this prefix, the Cisco IOS XR device will corrupt the attribute before sending it to the neighboring devices. Neighboring devices that receive this corrupted update may reset the BGP peering session.

Affected devices running Cisco IOS XR Software corrupt the unrecognized attribute before sending to neighboring devices, but neighboring devices may be running operating systems other than Cisco IOS XR Software and may still reset the BGP peering session after receiving the corrupted update. This is per standards defining the operation of BGP.

Cisco developed a fix that addresses this vulnerability and will be releasing free software maintenance upgrades (SMU) progressively starting 28 August 2010. This advisory will be updated accordingly as fixes become available.

Source Cisco
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Who Is System Architecture Evolution (SAE)?

System Architecture Evolution (SAE) is the name of the Third Generation Partnership Project ( GPP) standardization work item which is responsible for the evolution of the packet core network, more commonly referred to as EPC. This work item is closely related to the LTE work item, covering the evolution of the radio network. Evolved Packet System (EPS) covers the radio access, the core
network and the terminals that comprise the overall mobile system. Also provides support for other high-speed RANs that are not based on GPP standards, for example, WLAN, WiMAX or fixed access. The broad aims of the SAE work item were to evolve the packet core networks defined by GPP in order to create a simplified all-IP architecture, providing support for multiple radio accesses, including mobility between the different radio standards.
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Stop 3G Services In India

The Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has asked the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) to direct service providers to stop the operation of all third generation (3G) mobile services across the country, “particularly in Jammu & Kashmir”, till the infrastructure to enable full tapping of lines is put in place.
Noting BSNL’s launch of 3G services in Jammu, the MHA said apart from problems in interception of video calls, the existing lawful tapping infrastructure is severely limited in providing usable intercepts.
“The feasibility of blocking all such services for which there is no demonstrated monitoring capability to provide lawful interception may be explored by DoT. Till a solution is arrived, all telecom service providers may be directed not to provide 3G services, particularly in Jammu & Kashmir,” the MHA said in a communication to Telecom Secretary P J Thomas.

This issue had come up last year, too, when DoT had asked BSNL and MTNL to have call monitoring facilities to enable security agencies to intercept the calls in 3G mobile services.

Highlights:-
# Only BSNL and MTNL offer 3G services currently

# BSNL has a 3G subscriber base of 1.5 million, MTNL has 400,000 subscribers

# Private players to launch 3G by end of 2010 or early 2011

# Government earned over Rs 1 lakh crore from 3G and BWA auctions recently

Source:- Business-Standard
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